1. Was there anything new God taught you in this study that particularly impacted you? What was it, and why was it so significant?
2. How is your walk with the Lord different after this study than it was before?
3. What did you learn from this study about the nature and character of God?
4. What did this study teach you about the kinds of false doctrine which are most prolific in evangelicalism today?
5. What did this study teach you about how to “do” discernment (how to vet teachers/ministries, how to talk to a friend about false teachers, etc.)?
6. Have there been any passages or concepts in this study that God used to convict you of disobedience and lead you to repentance? How will you walk differently in this area from now on?
7. Describe one specific, practical way you will apply to your life something you learned in this study.
Homework
Spend some time in prayer this week asking God to show you how to put into practice one thing you learned from this study.
Using what you’ve learned from this study and the resources that have been provided in each lesson, vet a teacher or ministry whose doctrine you’ve been wondering about. If you’d like to take a practice run at it first, go to the Popular False Teachers & Unbiblical Trends tab in the blue menu bar at the top of this page, select a name from the list – without clicking on it – and do your research. When you’re done, go back to that tab, click on the name, and “check your work” against mine. (Let me know if you turn up any new information that needs to be included in one of my articles!)
Recite all of your memory verses from this study. Which one is most meaningful to you right now?
Responding Biblically to the News that You’re Following a False Teacher
Today’s Scripture passages are embedded in the body of the study. Please click the links in each question.
Questions to Consider
Throughout this study we will be looking at various passages of Scripture rather than working our way through a book of the Bible verse by verse. Because of that, we will need to be extra vigilant to rightly handle these passages in context. I will always attempt to provide the context you need for understanding these passages correctly, but if you need more clarity please feel free to read as much of the surrounding text as you need to – even the whole book, if necessary – in order to properly understand the passage presented.
Someone loves you enough to risk her relationship with you to show you from Scripture that your favorite pastor, author, or evangelical celebrity is a false teacher. How will you respond?
1. Whether or not your favorite author or teacher actually is a false teacher, try to imagine how you would feel if someone told you that person is a false teacher. What would be your initial gut level reaction or emotions?
Consider these passages, keeping in mind your answer to the question above. The Bible often describes the heart as the seat of our “passions” or deep seated emotions. What do these passages tell us about the nature or quality of our heart/passions/emotions? Why should we not be enslaved to our passions? As born again Believers, whose slaves are we? Should we, as Believers, react to any situation – including being told we’re following a false teacher – out of raw, fleshly emotion? How, and with what character traits, do these passages (particularly the last four) describe the way we’re to use our minds to think and respond to life’s circumstances?
Summarize what you learned from these passages into Principle 1 for responding to the news that you’re following a false teacher:
I will respond to the news that I’m following a false teacher by:
2. Study these Scriptures. If someone tells you you’re following a false teacher, should you just blindly believe that person and take her word for it? Be aware that there are biblically demonstrable false teachers, false converts (people who think they’re Christians, but aren’t), and doctrinally unsound “discernment ministries” out there who will tell you, due to their own unbiblical beliefs, that some of today’s most godly, doctrinally sound pastors and teachers are false teachers. How can you know if you’re dealing with someone like that or if it’s a doctrinally sound, discerning Christian warning you against someone who really is a false teacher? What do these passages say to do? How can, for example, a video of a woman preaching to men, or a book or sermon excerpt of someone teaching false doctrine serve as “witnesses” or “evidence” supporting the charge that someone is a false teacher?
Summarize what you learned from these passages into Principle 2 for responding to the news that you’re following a false teacher:
I will respond to the news that I’m following a false teacher by:
3. Examine these passages. Once you have thoroughly searched the Scriptures (rightly handled and in context) and find that the charges your friend has brought against the teacher are true – she really is a false teacher as demonstrated by Scripture – what should you do about continuing to follow and receive teaching from that teacher? What if you find that – according to rightly handled, in context Scripture – the charges are unbiblical, and the teacher you’re following is not a false teacher? Review your answers to questions 1 and 2. How should you respond, point by point, to the allegations that have been made? How did Jesus respond to Satan’s temptations and unbiblical ideas in Matthew 4:1-11 (hint: see 4a, 7a, 10a)? Did Jesus respond with an emotional outburst or personal, subjective opinions?
Summarize what you learned from these passages into Principle 3 for responding to the news that you’re following a false teacher:
I will respond to the news that I’m following a false teacher by:
4. Often, women who follow false teachers feel as though they are in a loving, bonded relationship with those teachers. Examine these Scriptures. What do they teach us about loving Christ compared to loving other people? Does Christ allow us to love those who are most dear to us – our parents and our children – more than we love Him? What does He say about people who do? If we can’t love even our closest family members more than Christ, what do you think He would say about loving your favorite author or teacher more than you love Him? If you don’t love Christ enough to obey Him and stop following your favorite false teacher, what does that say about your love for that teacher versus your love for Christ? How are false teachers a test of our love for and obedience to God? Will you pass the test?
Summarize what you learned from these passages into Principle 4 for responding to the news that you’re following a false teacher:
I will respond to the news that I’m following a false teacher by:
5. Sometimes when someone finds out she has been following a false teacher, she feels betrayed and deeply hurt (as well she should). She wonders how she’ll ever again be able to trust a spiritual authority figure. “If I was duped by this teacher,” she thinks, “what’s to keep me from being duped by the next teacher? I’m not putting myself through that again.” Sadly, at this most vulnerable point, she gives up on church, pastors, and Bible teachers altogether and adopts a “just me and Jesus” perspective.
God’s people as His sheep is a major motif of Scripture. Read these passages. Why do sheep need a good shepherd? How does a shepherd protect and provide for the sheep? How does being in a flock, in the safety of a sheepfold protect a sheep? What happens to a sheep when it strays away from the flock? Does God ever, in these passages or any other you know of, speak as though a sheep being separated from the flock is a good thing?
The majority of the New Testament is about the church. Just off the top of your head (or search for church in a concordance), name 5-6 aspects of church life the New Testament teaches us about. Does the New Testament ever teach us about how to live and grow in Christ as “Lone Ranger Christians” or “just me and Jesus” Christians who are not joined to a local church? Why not? Is it fair to say that God’s perspective, as the Author of the New Testament, is that there is no such thing? If membership in a local church were optional or no big deal to God, why would He have spent so much time and effort establishing it, instructing it, and caring for it?
Why does God command us to be faithful members of a local church? Thinking back to your answers about the sheep, how do the church, and godly, doctrinally sound pastors and elders protect and provide for Christians?
In what ways can a good, doctrinally sound church help someone whom God has delivered from the clutches of false doctrine or a false teacher?
Summarize what you learned from these passages into Principle 5 for responding to the news that you’re following a false teacher:
I will respond to the news that I’m following a false teacher by:
6. Summarize your five principles into a paragraph or two about responding biblically to the news that you’re following a false teacher.
Homework
Read (and listen) more on the passages and topics from today’s lesson:
Do you have a friend or loved one who is following a false teacher? Set aside some focused time in prayer this week to pray for her and for how you might talk to her about it. Consider each of the five principles you wrote in today’s lesson. Is there anything you can do to make it easier for her to respond in those biblical ways?
Today’s Scripture passages are embedded in the body of the study. Please click the links in each question.
Questions to Consider
Throughout this study we will be looking at various passages of Scripture rather than working our way through a book of the Bible verse by verse. Because of that, we will need to be extra vigilant to rightly handle these passages in context. I will always attempt to provide the context you need for understanding these passages correctly, but if you need more clarity please feel free to read as much of the surrounding text as you need to – even the whole book, if necessary – in order to properly understand the passage presented.
In today’s evangelical world, many professing Christians object to rebuking false teachers and warning the church about false teachers. They believe it is unloving, unChristlike, divisive, or slanderous. But is that true according to Scripture?
1. Warning and rebuking requires evidence and a posture of due process. Review lesson 9 (link above). As stated at the beginning of lesson 9…
We can’t just go around willy nilly calling everyone a false teacher. A false teacher is someone who unrepentantly, despite biblical correction, consistently teaches, either implicitly, explicitly, or via his or her behavior, doctrine that is in direct conflict with clear cut Scripture.
Read these passages. Are the Matthew and 1 Timothy passages instructions about how to deal with public false teaching in the public square or how to deal with sin inside a local church? (Read #1 here if you can’t tell from the passages.)
What we’re looking at in these passages is not step by step instructions about how to warn against or rebuke false teachers. We’re looking at the biblical principles of evidence and due process found in these passages, which we see reflected even in many of our secular laws and judicial processes today.
Make a list of all of the principles of biblical due process found in these passages. Explain how they reflect God’s attributes of justice and fairness.
When, in the judicial process, does “conviction and sentencing” take place? Take the Matthew 18 passage, for example. Would it be right to treat someone “as a Gentile and a tax collector” immediately after going to him one on one (15-16a)? Why not?
What do the Deuteronomy 19 and Exodus passages teach us about false witnesses and false accusations? How might this relate to falsely accusing someone of being a false teacher?
In much the same way that a police officer can’t arrest you because he doesn’t like your haircut, you can’t deem someone to be a false teacher because she sometimes wears slacks and you prefer for women to always wear skirts. Why? Because in neither case has the allegedly guilty party actually broken the law. What is the standard we use for determining whether or not a teacher has “broken the law” and is a false teacher?
Before warning against or rebuking someone you think is a false teacher, you must extend that fellow image bearer the due process of fairly researching her and providing accurate, current, in context evidence of her ongoing, unrepentant false teaching. According to these passages and others, what biblical principles and commands are you violating if you don’t? If you don’t fairly research her and provide appropriate evidence that she’s a false teacher, aren’t you being “unloving, unChristlike, divisive, or slanderous”?
2. Instructions to warn others / examples of warning others about false teachers/doctrine.Read these passages. Determine whether each passage is an instruction to Christians to warn others about false teachers/doctrine, or an example of someone in Scripture warning his contemporaries about false teachers/doctrine. (Some passages are a mixture of both.) Which warning words and phrases (e.g. “watch out”) does each passage use?
Do any of these passages (or any other Scriptures you’re familiar with – rightly handled and in context) exemplify or instruct Christians not to warn others away from false teachers? Do any of these passages (or any others you’re familiar with) describe warning others as unloving, unChristlike, divisive, or slanderous? What do these passages tell you about how God views Christians warning others about false teachers?
In each of these passages, who is doing the warning or giving the instruction to warn? (Hint: You may need to look up who the author of each book is or read a little more of the passage to find out.) What does this tell us about the responsibility of those in leadership or with greater discernment to warn others about false teachers?
How would you characterize these warnings or instructions to warn? Timid? Assertive? Wishy washy? Direct? Hateful? Loving? What is the stated or implied reason for warning others in each of these passages? How does warning for these reasons demonstrate love for God, for His Word, for His church as a whole, and for individual brothers and sisters?
3. Is naming names biblical? Is it biblical to warn against specific false teachers or movements by name? Read these passages. Make a three column chart. For each passage list:
Who is warning against the false teacher or group
Which person or group is being warned against by name
Why the person or group is being warned against (if the passage says or if you know)
Which groups are being warned against in some of these passages? What was the false doctrine each group centered around? (Use your cross references.) What are some groups or movements today that center around false doctrine that we should warn other Christians against? (see lesson 9, link above, for an example) Do any of these passages (or any others you know of) teach that we should always refrain from warning against specific false teachers and groups by name?
Have you ever heard a pastor or any other professing Christian say we shouldn’t give the names of specific false teachers or groups? What reasons did he give? Why is it important to warn fellow Christians about specific false teachers and groups by name?
When we plead with people to follow Christ, we tell them exactly who He is and why they should follow Him. Why, when we plead with people not to follow antichrists, would we not tell them exactly who those false teachers and movements are, and why they shouldn’t follow them?
4. Warning / rebuking false teachers themselvesRead these passages. Determine whether each passage is an instruction to Christians to rebuke false teachers, or an example of someone in Scripture rebuking false teachers. Do any of these passages (or any others you’re aware of) teach that we should not rebuke false teachers?
Carefully examine the Deuteronomy and Jeremiah passages. In what ways did God – directly, through His true prophets, and through His people – rebuke false prophets? What does this tell you about God’s perspective on false prophets/teachers and false prophecy/doctrine? Does He still rebuke false teachers in any of these same ways today? Does that mean He has “gone soft” on false teachers since the Old Testament? Why does He deal with false teachers differently today?
How would you characterize Jesus’ rebuke of false teachers in the Matthew passages? What were the false doctrines He was rebuking them for in chapter 23? How did He inform or set an example for the church’s rebuke of false teachers?
Starting with the Titus 1 passage and finishing with the Galatians 1 passage, write a detailed description of the ways and reasons pastors and churches are to rebuke false teachers. How does rebuking false teachers benefit the false teacher, the church at large, and individual Christians?
What is the goal of rebuking false teachers?
5. What should be our manner of warning and rebuke?Read these passages. For each passage, answer the following questions:
How does this passage describe or rebuke false teachers/doctrine? Make a list of the adjectives and descriptive phrases used.
Does this passage seem mostly positive or negative toward false teachers/doctrine?
If I saw or heard someone describing or rebuking a false teacher this way today, would I be offended? Would I think that person was being unChristlike, unloving, etc?
How do the examples of “sharp” rebuke and negative descriptions of false teachers not contradict the fruit of the Spirit (love, kindness, gentleness) and the 2 Timothy 2:25 admonition to correct opponents with gentleness?
Re-read Matthew 23: Was Jesus being unkind, unloving, or disobeying His own instruction (2 Timothy 2:25) to correct opponents with gentleness as he addressed the scribes and Pharisees? (Hint: Consider the James, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes passages as you answer.) Are there times when sharp rebuke is required over soft words, and vice versa? Give an example of a situation requiring each.
Many professing Christians today would say that sharp rebuke and negative characterizations of false teachers are unloving. How do each of these passages demonstrate love for…
God
God’s Word
False teachers
The church as a whole
Followers of false teachers
Homework
Is there someone you think might be a false teacher? Apply the biblical principles of due process you learned today and research her fairly, giving her the benefit of the doubt when possible. You may wish to look at some of my articles at the Popular False Teachers & Unbiblical Trends tab in the blue menu bar at the top of this page as an example. My article Is She a False Teacher? 7 Steps to Figuring it Out on Your Own may also be helpful.
Think it through: Using the Old Testament passages you’ve studied today (and any other applicable OT passages you like), address this issue: Jesus lived His entire earthly life in “Old Testament times” because the new covenant, Christianity, and the church were not established until after His ascension. Under Old Testament law, false prophets – those who “presume to speak a word in [God’s] name that [He had] not commanded him to speak…that same prophet shall die.” (Deuteronomy 18:20) Did the Pharisees’ legalism (equating their man made rules with God’s Word and declaring those violating them to be in sin) qualify them as false prophets under Old Testament law? If so, why didn’t Jesus demand, or at least teach, that they should be put to death instead of merely rebuking them (see Matthew 23, 7:15-23)?
Today’s Scripture passages are embedded in the body of the study. Please click the links in each question.
Questions to Consider
Throughout this study we will be looking at various passages of Scripture rather than working our way through a book of the Bible verse by verse. Because of that, we will need to be extra vigilant to rightly handle these passages in context. I will always attempt to provide the context you need for understanding these passages correctly, but if you need more clarity please feel free to read as much of the surrounding text as you need to – even the whole book, if necessary – in order to properly understand the passage presented.
How can you tell if someone is a false teacher? Is it someone who disagrees with you on any point of doctrine? What if your pastor makes an honest mistake while preaching – is he a false teacher? How about denominations that “do church” differently from yours?
We can’t just go around willy nilly calling everyone a false teacher. A false teacher is someone who unrepentantly, despite biblical correction, consistently teaches, either implicitly, explicitly, or via his or her behavior, doctrine that is in direct conflict with clear cut Scripture. How do we identify someone like that? Let’s take a look at what Scripture says about testing teachers to see if they’re false or true to God’s Word.
1. Carefully examine 1 John 4:1-6. Zero in on 1a (stop at “…from God”). Is this written as a command or a suggestion? Explain the “do not” and the “do” in this command. What does this tell you about the Christian’s obligation and responsibility not to simply take teachers/teachings at face value, but to be a good Berean (see lesson 2, link above to refresh your memory) and, with intentionality, put that teacher/teaching to the test? Is discernment an option or a matter of obedience to God’s command?
Read this background on 1 John. Which genre of biblical literature is 1 John? What was the primary false teaching John was writing to combat in passages like 4:1-6? In light of this information, look closely at 2-3a. What is the “litmus test” John gives his readers that will rule out the majority of false teachers they are likely to encounter in that time and culture? Is this still a valid biblical test of a false teacher today? But have you ever encountered a teacher today who claims that Jesus was not fully human? Yet, are there still false teachers today? So, did God and John mean for Jesus’ incarnation to be the only test of a false teacher?
Consider 2-3a in light of 1 Corinthians 12:2-3 and2 John 7,9. What is our standard for the nature and character of Jesus – for who He is (2 John 9)? If someone is teaching a “Jesus” (or a “God/Father” or a “Holy Spirit”) that does not match Scripture’s clear teaching about Him, is that person a doctrinally sound teacher (“Spirit of God”) or a false teacher (“spirit of the antichrist / not from God”)?
Based on your answers to the questions above, in your own words, what is the general biblical principle we can extract from 1 John 4:2-3a, 1 Corinthians 12:2-3, and 2 John 7,9 about the nature and character of Christ, as test number one of a false teacher?
Test 1:
Which two spirits does God say teaching comes from? (1 John 4:1a, 2a / 3a, b) Notice the repetition of the phraseology “from the world” and “from God” in 1-6. List the characteristics of someone who is from the world versus someone who is from God. Into which of these two categories does the “Spirit of God” (2a) fit? The “spirit of the antichrist / not from God” (3)? Who are the “you / we / us” and the “they/them” in 4-6? Read the last sentence of verse 6. By what will you know the Spirit of truth and the spirit of error? (Hint: What is “this”? Backtrack in verse 6.) This is test number two of a false teacher. State it in your own words.
Test 2:
2. Read Deuteronomy 13:1-5 and 18:18-22. (Old Testament “false prophets” are analogous to New Testament “false teachers”.) In the 1 John 4 passage above, we surmised from the context of the passage and historical information that gnosticism / docetism was the prominent false teaching during that time in history. What can you surmise from these passages may have been some of the features of the false teaching Israel was encountering at this point in her history?
Read the first full sentence (v. 1-3a) of Deuteronomy 13, and explain its instructions in your own words. Try to put yourself in the place of the original audience of this instruction. As an Old Testament Israelite, what would you have understood God to be saying?
Have you heard of any “Christians” today who claim to be prophets, have the “gift of prophecy,” claim God spoke to them in a dream or vision, or perform “signs and wonders”? These are all typical of New Apostolic Reformation (NAR) heresy (click the links in the paragraph above the video for examples), and these passages in Deuteronomy are very helpful in identifying them. (Or maybe you can think of other religions, cults, or movements that seem to fit this passage’s description?)
Having seen the videos of “prophecies” and “signs and wonders” at the link above, how does the Deuteronomy 13 instruction apply to you if you walk into a NAR “church” today? What might it look like for a “sign or wonder that he tells you comes to pass”? What kinds of teachings did you see in the videos that would fall under the category of “‘Let us go after other gods,’ which you have not known, ‘and let us serve them’.”? Did you hear any of these “prophets” or teachers encouraging you to worship Baal, follow Molech, or serve Chemosh? What about the “God,” the “Jesus,” and the “Holy Spirit” they teach? Do their teachings line up with Scripture, or are they encouraging you to follow and serve a false god, created in their own imaginations, which they blasphemously call “God,” “Jesus,” or the “Holy Spirit”?
State, in your own words, the third test of a false teacher from Deuteronomy 13:1-3a. (Be sure to include the “if/and” from verse 1, the two main “and’s” in verse 2, and the implied “then” from verse 3a.)
Test 3:
Carefully examine the Deuteronomy 18 passage. Using your cross-references and the immediate context of Deuteronomy 18, who are the “prophet” and “you” in verse 18?
How does this passage say the Israelites may determine whether or not someone is a true prophet, genuinely speaking for God (like Isaiah, Jeremiah, Habakkuk, etc.), or a false prophet? (21-22) As a 21st century Christian, how would you properly apply this test to a teacher or “prophet” today?
State, in your own words, the fourth test of a false teacher from Deuteronomy 18:22. (Be sure to include the “if” as well as the implied “then” in the final sentence.)
Test 4:
How do the Deuteronomy 13 and 18 passages contrast false teachings/teachers and false prophecies/prophets with the one true God, His true teachings, and His true followers? How does this apply to Christians today? What are the characteristics of a true follower of Christ (13:3, 4, 18:18-19, 21c)? How can these characteristics help you determine whether or not someone is a false teacher and/or whether or not you, or someone you know, might be following a false teacher?
3. Read Galatians 1:6-9. What is the false teaching being addressed in this passage? What are the two, nearly identical, phrases in verses 8 and 9 that begin with “a gospel contrary…”? What do these two phrases mean? Compare them to these passages. Where did Paul’s and John’s audiences hear the gospel and teachings they received “from the beginning”? Where do we get this same gospel and teachings today?
What is the term for “some who trouble you and want to distort the gospel of Christ” (7b)? Does Paul exempt himself or anyone else from false teacher status if that person is preaching a different gospel than the one taught in Scripture?
What is test 5 of a false teacher according to this passage?
Test 5:
4. Some Christians say that overtly teaching a false gospel – an unbiblical way of getting saved (see some examples here)- is the only teaching that qualifies someone as a false teacher. Is that true according to Scripture? Can you think of a false teaching that’s not directly connected to the plan of salvation? Here are some examples from Scripture.
What are the two false teachings mentioned in 1 Timothy 4:3? Are they directly connected to salvation? How does verse 2 characterize those who teach these false doctrines? How does verse 1 characterize the teachings?
What is the false teaching mentioned in 2 Timothy 2:18? How does God characterize this false teaching in 17a, 18a, and 18c?
If God characterizes restrictions on marriage, food, and eschatology, which are not directly related to salvation, as “deceitful,” “doctrines of demons,” and “gangrene,” and those who teach them as conscience-seared, insincere liars, having swerved from the truth and upsetting the faith of some, is it true that someone is a false teacher only if he teaches a false way of salvation? What else qualifies as false teaching, and what is our standard for evaluating it? What is test six of a false teacher?
Test 6:
5. Examine these passages from 1 John. When the Bible instructs us not to do something and we do it anyway, what is that called? When the Bible instructs us to do something and we fail or refuse to do it, what is that called?
Explain the phrases “walk/walked” (2:6), “makes a practice of sinning” (3:4,8,9), and “keeps on sinning” (3:6,9). Is John talking about a Christian who’s striving for holiness, sins, repents, and keeps on striving for holiness? How can you tell?
How does God characterize a person who claims to be a Christian, yet unrepentantly walks in sin, or makes a practice of sinning? (2:4, 3:6, 8, 10) Explain the connection God makes in these passages between knowing / loving God and obedience to His commands. If a “Christian teacher” lives in willful, unrepentant sin, on an ongoing basis, is that someone you should receive teaching from? Why not (2:4b, 3:8a, 9a, 10)? State test of a false teacher number seven from these passages.
Test 7:
In questions 1 & 2, we gleaned from context and historical information the types and features of false doctrine that were prolific when 1 John 4 and Deuteronomy 13 & 18 were written. We also saw specific tests designed to combat these specific false teachings. We can do the same for the specific false teachings prolific in our culture today.
In my experience, currently, the most widespread false doctrines that are “spreading like gangrene” in the church today are the New Apostolic Reformation / Word of Faith (prosperity gospel), progressivism (liberal, woke, social justice, feminist, perversion affirming, etc.), and a general air of antinomianism (basically, the 21st century version of Judges 21:25b– “Everyone did what was right in his own eyes.”).
Aside from the fact that most of their specific beliefs demonstrably conflict with clear cut Scripture, there are two features that are common to all of these false doctrines. They are usually easy to spot and require minimal knowledge of theology, making our next two tests of false teachers practical and relatively quick. They are both “sub-tests” of test 7 because they both involve walking in specific unrepentant sins.
Read 1 Timothy 2:11-3:7. What two things does 2:12 prohibit women from doing in the gathering of the church body? Is this limited to the Sunday morning gathering of a local church? What are some examples of other Christian events where the church (Christians) physically gathers for worship and Bible teaching?
Examine the pronouns and other gender markers in 3:1-7. The office of pastor / elder / overseer is limited to which sex, male or female?
What are the three ways a woman might disobey these biblical instructions in 2:12 and 3:1-7? What are the three ways a man/pastor might disobey these biblical instructions by what he allows, encourages, or invites women to do? If he or she is biblically corrected about his or her sin, but unrepentantly persists, how does this connect to what you just learned from 1 John about walking in sin, keeping on sinning, or making a practice of sinning?
In addition to the fact that the woman (or man) violating any of these prohibitions is sinning herself, what is her behavior – pastoring, preaching / teaching Scripture to men, or exercising authority over men – teaching her audience about their obligation and responsibility to obey God’s commands? Is it false doctrine to teach, even implicitly, via one’s behavior, that Christians are free to ignore or disobey any Scripture they dislike or disagree with?
From 1 Timothy 2:11-3:7, what is test 7a of a false teacher?
Test 7a:
Read these passages. Answer the following questions for each passage:
In what way does the passage characterize false teachers?
How are Christians supposed to respond to false teachers?
What is the result of either avoiding, or failing to / refusing to avoid false teachers?
Why does God instruct Christians – including Christian teachers – to avoid, and not to partner with false teachers? Read these passages.
What is the danger of partnering with false teachers in 1 Corinthians 15:33?
Who is the false teacher’s (servant’s) master in 2 Corinthians 11? What does Luke 16:13 say about serving two masters? Can a teacher serve both Christ and Satan?
How do Matthew 10 and Luke 6 apply to a Christian teacher learning from, and being influenced by false teachers?
Since it is direct disobedience to God’s Word (sin) for any Christian – but especially a teacher, whom God holds to a higher standard – to unrepentantly and persistently fraternize or partner with false teachers (again be reminded of what the 1 John passages said about walking in unrepentant sin), and since false teachers will always influence their disciples away from Christ and the truth of His Word, what is test 7b when you’re vetting a teacher?
Test 7b:
6. What is the common theme running through all of these tests? What is our measuring stick for determining whether a teacher passes or fails each of these tests? What is one broad, general test that could encompass all of these tests?
If you’re testing a teacher to discover whether or not he or she lives, believes, and teaches in obedience to God’s Word, you need to know the Word as thoroughly as possible. You can’t know something contradicts Scripture if you don’t know what Scripture says and how to handle it correctly and in context. How can you become a good student of the Word? What are three ways God has provided you to learn and understand the Bible better? (hinthinthint)
Homework
Create a checklist listing each of the tests of false teachers you’ve learned in today’s lesson. Be sure to include Scripture references for each. Keep it in your Bible or another handy place so it’s easily accessible when you need to test a teacher.
Imagine you’re a Berean vetting Paul. Use the tests and Scriptures from today’s lesson. Start with this passage, its cross-references, and everything else you know about Paul and his teachings. Does Paul pass or fail each of the tests of a false teacher?
Throughout this study we will be looking at various passages of Scripture rather than working our way through a book of the Bible verse by verse. Because of that, we will need to be extra vigilant to rightly handle these passages in context. I will always attempt to provide the context you need for understanding these passages correctly, but if you need more clarity please feel free to read as much of the surrounding text as you need to – even the whole book, if necessary – in order to properly understand the passage presented.
1. Carefully study the first five verses of the 2 Timothy passage. Using your cross references, any other related passages, and perhaps a side by side comparison with other reliable translations, or an interlinear, define or explain each of the characteristics listed in these verses:
lovers of self-
lovers of money-
proud-
arrogant-
abusive-
disobedient to their parents-
ungrateful-
unholy-
heartless-
unappeasable-
slanderous-
without self-control-
brutal-
not loving good-
treacherous-
reckless-
swollen with conceit-
lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God-
having the appearance of godliness, but denying its power-
Is Timothy saying these things are characteristic of the world, the visible church (Christians and non-Christians), genuinely regenerated Christians only, or some combination of these three? Why do you think so?
From the immediate context and the context of the Bible in general, does verse five’s admonition to “avoid such people” mean only the people described in verse 5 or all of the people described in verses 2-5? Generally speaking, why would God want us to avoid all of these types of people, especially if they claim to be Christians (5) while acting this way? Go back through your list above and explain why it would be detrimental to your character and your walk with the Lord to associate with people of each of these character types.
2. Now, more specifically, why does verse 6 say to avoid these types of people? (Note: What word does verse 6 start with? What’s another word we could use there in place of “for”? When you’re looking for the reason God said something, words like “for” and “because” can help you answer the question, “Why?”.)
Compare the phrase “those who creep into households” in verse 6 with the metaphor we saw Jesus use in lesson 6 (link above), particularly in John 10:1. Who are both of these verses talking about? How do both of these verses describe the infiltration of false teachers into the church and home? Are false teachers above board, walking in the truth of Scripture?
Compare the concept of “capturing” in verse 6 with the concept of “thief and robber” in John 10:1. What does it mean to capture someone and to commit thievery and robbery? Why does God use this imagery for false teachers? Compare this idea of false teachers absconding with or luring away people to whom they have no right with John’s description of doctrinally sound “gatekeepers” (pastors and teachers, v. 3). Do doctrinally sound pastors have to deceptively lure or steal people away to the true teaching of Christ? Why not? What do they do instead (3)?
3. At this time, I’d like “ewes” :0) to focus on the second half of verse 6. Who, precisely, does God say the false teachers creep in and capture? Does He say “weak men”? “Weak Christians”? “Weak people”? Considering the fact that God never misspeaks and always says exactly what He means, why (6b) does God specify that “weak women” are in danger from false teachers?
What does God mean that these women are “burdened with sins” and “led astray by various passions“? Why would a woman in this spiritual condition be especially vulnerable to false teachers? What would a doctrinally sound pastor or teacher tell her about her sins or her fleshly cravings and feelings? Read 6b in light of 2 Timothy 4:3-4. How would a false teacher scratch her itching ears about her sins and passions?
4. Really ponder the meaning and weight of verse 7. Gaggles of weak, sinful women always reading a book or listening to a podcast by a false teacher, going to “Bible” study after “Bible” study featuring materials by false teachers, spending hundreds of dollars year after year on tickets for conferences and simulcasts headlined by false teachers. Always learning, but never able to arrive at a knowledge of the truth. Jesus said, “I am the truth,” and “[Father,] Sanctify them in the truth; Your Word is truth.” Think about it. If your friends who follow false teachers are never able to arrive at a knowledge of the truth, Who and what are they not learning about?
5. And why is that? How do we know they’re not learning the truth from these false teachers according to verse 8? In what three ways does God characterize these false teachers in 8b? What does it mean that they “oppose the truth,” are “corrupted in mind,” and are “disqualified regarding the faith”? How do each of those characteristics prevent vulnerable women from arriving at a knowledge of the truth?
6. Remember that 2 Timothy is a pastoral epistle, so the passage we just read may be instructive to us as women, but to whom is it primarily written? (see lesson 7, link above, if you forgot). How is God demonstrating His love and care for women in this passage by instructing pastors to watch out for these false teachers who prey on women, and keep them out of the church?
7. Read the Genesis 3 passage and 1 Timothy 2:14 through the lens of what we’ve just looked at in 2 Timothy 3. Why do you think Satan may have approached the woman in the Garden instead of the man? How do these passages work together to alert us as women to vigilantly watch out for a potential blind spot we may have regarding false teachers and deception?
God created women with some incredible strengths. Generally speaking, women are usually much better nurturers than men. We’re usually better communicators than men. And, frequently it’s much easier for women to trust, love, and give the benefit of the doubt to others than it is for men.
And along with those unique strengths come unique challenges. For example, being trusting is a fantastic character trait, but it’s imperative that we be vigilant not to put our trust in the wrong person – like a false teacher.
Why is it especially important that women learn and practice discernment?
Homework
Second Timothy 3:5 instructs us to “avoid” ungodly people, especially those who claim to be Christians and turn out to be false teachers. “Avoid them.” Does this command leave room for the “chew up the meat and spit out the bones” approach so many Christians think is appropriate to use with false teachers today? What about the common idea that it’s OK to use songs with “biblical” lyrics from heretical groups (like Bethel, Hillsong, and Elevation) in our worship services? Does “Avoid them” allow for that? Read #8 here.
Some professing Christians defend false teachers by saying, “Look how many people she’s helping!”. If false teachers’ audiences are “never able to arrive at a knowledge of the truth,” are they really helping anybody? Read #3 here.
